-
Research Article
Household Vulnerability and Poverty in the Bikoro Territory in Democratic Republic of Congo: Analysis of the Macro and Microeconomic Shocks of the 2018 Ebola Epidemic
Joël Fumwakwau Kiniati*,
Joseph Oyaya Mundala,
Leurby Ikina Bokele,
Dada Mukwambanza Masasi,
Crispin Mabika Mabika
Issue:
Volume 12, Issue 6, December 2023
Pages:
260-268
Received:
Oct. 24, 2023
Accepted:
Nov. 11, 2023
Published:
Nov. 21, 2023
DOI:
10.11648/j.ss.20231206.11
Downloads:
Views:
Abstract: On May 8, 2018, the Democratic Republic of Congo officially declared the occurrence of the ninth episode of Ebola Virus Disease in the territory of Bikoro, Equateur province. This epidemic has caused enormous damage to the province's economy and also to the standard of living in households. The deterioration in the economic fabric has led to inflationary pressures, weakened the capacity to mobilize tax revenues and increased the potential risks to the viability of public finances at provincial level. Further more, it has seriously threatened food security and plunged many already vulnerable households into extreme poverty. Overall, the slowdown in economic activity in all sectors resulting from the combined effects of the fall in aggregate demand and the demobilization of factors of production will lead to: a fall in the overall supply of products, particularly agricultural products, with a consequent increase in food insecurity; a reduction in wage and non-wage household incomes and a worsening of poverty. Tax revenues have also fallen, worsening the public deficit and debt sustainability. The scarcity of basic products has fueled speculation on the market, leading to high price inflation and even the destabilization of the macroeconomic framework at provincial level. Material and monetary poverty, the sector of activity and high household size are the main determinants of poverty. The impact of the epidemic has affected agricultural production and, ultimately, household income. The reallocation of household expenditure is eloquent proof of vulnerability.
Abstract: On May 8, 2018, the Democratic Republic of Congo officially declared the occurrence of the ninth episode of Ebola Virus Disease in the territory of Bikoro, Equateur province. This epidemic has caused enormous damage to the province's economy and also to the standard of living in households. The deterioration in the economic fabric has led to inflat...
Show More
-
Research Article
Engels' Critical Thought on Space and Its Contemporary Value —— Perspectives Based on The Condition of the Working-Class in England
Issue:
Volume 12, Issue 6, December 2023
Pages:
269-274
Received:
Oct. 29, 2023
Accepted:
Nov. 20, 2023
Published:
Nov. 24, 2023
DOI:
10.11648/j.ss.20231206.12
Downloads:
Views:
Abstract: Engels's publication, The Condition of the Working-Class in England (referred to as The Condition), is a significant exploration of his new worldview, containing rich and profound spatial critique. It holds an important position in the history of Marxist development. Throughout the writing process of this work, Engels referred to a large amount of data and had conversations with the workers. He elucidated the issues of capital accumulation and expansion from the dimensions of regional and global expansion of capitalism. He explored the changes in capitalist cities and rural areas from the dimensions of the urban-rural divide and urban expansion. He revealed the impact of rapid capitalist development on the working class from the dimension of the deterioration of the working class's production and living spaces. The analysis of these three dimensions collectively constitutes a critique of capitalism and has profound implications for spatial critique. Engels' research fully focuses on spatial entities such as cities, factories, and residences, integrating his thoughts on productive forces and relations into these spatial forms. He made significant contributions to the formation of a historical materialist spatial perspective, and his work profoundly reveals the spatial living conditions of the British working class, which is conducive to awakening the working class and has important significance for spatial research methodology.
Abstract: Engels's publication, The Condition of the Working-Class in England (referred to as The Condition), is a significant exploration of his new worldview, containing rich and profound spatial critique. It holds an important position in the history of Marxist development. Throughout the writing process of this work, Engels referred to a large amount of ...
Show More
-
Research Article
Comparison Between Two Methods of Power Training on Swimming Performance
Abdulrahman Hassan Saleh Mojamil,
Abdulhameed Hamid Gareed,
Mujeeb Abdurahman Ahmed Hajeb
Issue:
Volume 12, Issue 6, December 2023
Pages:
275-280
Received:
Oct. 21, 2023
Accepted:
Nov. 16, 2023
Published:
Nov. 29, 2023
DOI:
10.11648/j.ss.20231206.13
Downloads:
Views:
Abstract: The geographical location of any country is of great importance to remain the main concern of decision-makers in the state, as the geographical location is one of the most important factors that judge the strength or weakness of the state, and no country resorts to making any decision regarding its foreign affairs and its relationship with the countries of the outside world without taking into account its geographical location and how it will affect or be affected by the geographical location of the state, as for its internal affairs, any country's awareness of the importance of its geographical location enables it to benefit from it more in building and developing State, and accordingly this research will address the study of the geographical location of the Islamic Arab State of the Comoros by showing the importance of the geographical location for the state geographically and astronomically and for its neighboring countries, and the research will focus on mentioning some of the strengths added by the geographical location of the State of the Comoros and in return to clarify the weaknesses suffered by the state as a result of the geographical location, and the research will address the main point, which is the extent of the impact of the geographical location on the foreign policy of the State of Comoros and its impact on it concluded the research by recalling once again the importance of the geographical location for the State of the Comoros, listing some recommendations that may benefit the decision-maker in the State of Comoros to exploit the strengths of the geographical location and mitigate the consequences of the weaknesses that the geographical location of the State confers.
Abstract: The geographical location of any country is of great importance to remain the main concern of decision-makers in the state, as the geographical location is one of the most important factors that judge the strength or weakness of the state, and no country resorts to making any decision regarding its foreign affairs and its relationship with the coun...
Show More
